Bronchiolitis

What is it?

Viral inflammation of the small airways (bronchioles)
Leads to narrowing and obstruction
Commonly caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). But also H. influenzae, adenovirus and parainfluenza.
Risk factors: prematurity, congenital heart disease, immunodeficiency, and exposure to second-hand smoke
Main problem in infants: Mucus plugs airways and infants cannot clear their airways