Fractures in children can occur from a variety of causes, including trauma, sports injuries, falls, and accidents. Some fractures are more serious than others and may require surgery or immobilization with a cast or brace.
Symptoms
 Pain, swelling, bruising, warmth, tenderness at the injury site, limited range of motion, stiffness, or difficulty moving the affected limb, the limb may appear deformed, out of place, or visibly shorter than the unaffected limb, ecchymosis, edema, muscle spasms, and crepitation.
Pain, limited ROM, & swelling
Treatment: Cast
Examine cast for pressure areas
Make sure no rough material in contact with the skin, petal the edges
A spica cast may need to be taped with waterproof material around the perineum.
Monitor circulation or neurovascular status (#1 priority): numbness, tingling, coolness, decreased pulse, pallor, edema.
Do not put anything under the cast
Assess for compartment syndrome
Treatment: Traction
Traction is used to stabilized a fracture before surgery
Assess circulation
Maintain skin integrity
Pain management
Ensure body alignment
Provide distraction/activities
Make sure weights hang freely
Compartment syndrome is a serious medical condition where pressure in a muscle compartment increases, compressing nerves and blood vessels. It mostly affects legs, arms, and abdomen, causing severe pain, swelling, numbness, and muscle weakness. If left untreated, it can lead to permanent damage of muscles and nerves. Treatment options include surgical decompression or fasciotomy to relieve pressure and restore blood flow.