Glomerulonephritis

Adult Nursing NCLEX Review Renal and Genitourinary Problems Glomerulonephritis

Glomerulonephritis

Kidneys become clogged with antigen-antibody complexes which then cause inflammation and loss of function.

After Strep Infection

Usually happens 2 to 3 weeks after a group A beta hemolytic strep infection such as a strep throat

Symptoms

First sign is puffy face and dark urine. Other symptoms: fatigue, periorbital edema, cola-colored urine, hypertension, and proteinuria.

Interventions

Check daily weight to check for fluid status. Protein intake depends on the stage of the disease. Moderate protein may be indicated to avoid overloading the kidneys.

Interventions

Bedrest until hematuria, edema, and hypertension are resolved. Dietary restriction: moderate sodium, fluid restriction while edema is severe.

Prevention

Best way to prevent it is to treat all strep infections and to seek early treatment of respiratory infections.

Complications

Hypertension and Chronic Renal Failure.

Low Albumin

Loss of protein in the urine leads to low serum albumin levels or nephrotic syndrome (low albumin, proteinuria, edema and hypercoagulability).

ACE Inhibitors

ACE inhibitors (Angiotensin-convertion enzyme inhibitors) are used to manage hypertension. E.g., Lisinipril.

Medications

Corticosteroids to reduce the inflammation in the kidneys and immunosuppressants (cyclophosphamide or azathioprine). Monitor for infection

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