Kawasaki Disease

What is it?

Acute febrile vasculitis of childhood with unknown cause. The characteristic rash of KD usually appears 4-5 days after the onset of fever. It is typically non-pruritic and starts with a diffuse erythematous rash over the trunk, and then spreads to the extremities. Initially, the rash is macular, but then becomes more papular, and can resemble a sunburn. It is usually noticed on the skin at pressure points like the groin and armpits.

High Fever lasting > 5 days

Symptoms

Mostly in children under 5 years of age. Possibly viral
  • Fever lasting for more than five days
  • Redness in the eyes (Conjunctivitis)
  • A rash
  • Swollen glands in the neck (cervical lymphadenopathy)
  • Redness and swelling in the hands and feet
  • Strawberry tongue
  • Desquamation (peeling) of fingers and toes in the late stages
Strawberry Tongue
Conjunctivitis
Red, swollen hands & feet

Treatment

IV Immunoglobulin (IVIG) to fight inflammation. Start within 10 days of onset
High doses of aspirin for its anti-inflammatory and antiplatelet effects

Complications

Monitor for Reye’s Syndrome since child is taking large doses of Aspirin

Cerebral Edema and Hepatic Encephalopathy

The major complication is Coronary artery aneurysms

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