Procedures

• Removes fluid from peritoneal cavity (ascites)
• Empty bladder for proceduce
• Monitor for hypotension after procedure

• Removes fluid from the thoracic cavity- lungs
• Sit at the edge of bed leaning over table w/feet supported
• Or lying in bed on unaffected side w/HOB elevated 45 degress
• Shave around needle insertion

• Empty bladder
• check allergy to shellfish/contrast
• NPO 6-8 hours
• Hold Metformin 48 hours prior to prevent lactic acidosis
• Educate patient that when dye is injected he or she may feel a fluttery/warm feeling or the need to cough 
• Affected extremity must be kept straight 4-6 hours
• Keep flat or HOB < 30 degrees post procedure
• Assess lower extremity pulses prior to procedure to compare post procedure
• Post procedure: Good hydration to excrete dye
• Assess kidney function: urine output and BUN/Creat

• Empty bladder

Keep a full bladder

• X-ray of urinary tract to evaluate kidney function
• Use bowel prep the night before so kidneys/bladder can be seen. 
• Stop metformin 48 hours prior to prevent lactic acidosis

• No dye or wires used
• Takes 90 minutes to complete
• Must take all METAL off
• Assess for pacemaker, it may be deactivated. No MRI is the client has a pacemaker

• Contrast medium injected into lumbar area
• Allows x-ray to visualize the vertebral canal
• Identifies tumors, cysts, herniated discs
• Post procedure: fluids to excrete dye
• Lie flat
• Monitor vital signs and neurological status

• Withhold bronchodilators prior to procedure
• No smoking 4 hours prior to procedure

• Avoid high protein diet before test
• Avoid strenuous exercise (increases creatinine excretion)
• Drink as much fluid as you want before and during the test
• Save all urine x 24 hours and keep in fridge/ice
• Discard the first morning urine and then begin collecting urine.